Document theory

Document theory examines the concept of a document and how it can serve with other concepts to understand communication, documentation, information, and knowledge. Knowledge organization itself is in practice based on die arrangement of documents representing concepts and knowledge. The word "document" commonly refers to a text or graphic record, but, in a semiotic perspective, non-graphic objects can also be regarded as signifying and, therefore, as documents. The steady increase in the variety and number of documents since prehistoric times enables the development of communities, the division of labor, and reduction of the constraints of space and time. Documents arc related to data, facts, texts, works, information, knowledge, signs, and other documents. Documents have physical (material), cognitive, and social aspects

First measurements with monolithic active pixel test structures produced in a 65 nm CMOS process

The Inner Tracking System (ITS) of the ALICE experiment at CERN will undergo an upgrade during the LHC long shutdown 3, in which the three innermost tracking layers will be replaced. This upgrade, named the Inner Tracking System 3 (ITS3), employs stitched wafer-scale Monolithic Active Pixel Sensors fabricated in a 65 nm CMOS process. The sensors are 260 mm in length and thinned to less than 50 um then bent to form truly half-cylindrical half-barrels. The feasibility of this process for the ITS3 was explored with the first test production run (MLR1) in 2021, whose goal was to evaluate the charged particle detection efficiency and the sensor performance under non-ionising and ionising radiation up to the expected levels for ALICE ITS3 of $10^{13}$ $1$ MeV n$_{\mathrm{eq}}$ cm$^{-2}$ (NIEL) and 10 kGy (TID). Three sensor flavours were produced to investigate this process: Analog Pixel Test Structure (APTS), Circuit Exploratoire 65 (CE65) and Digital Pixel Test Structure (DPTS). This contribution gives an overview of the MLR1 submission and test results, describing the different sensor flavours and presenting the results of the performance measurements done with particle beams for various chip variants and irradiation levels

An Approach to Agent-Based Service Composition and Its Application to Mobile

This paper describes an architecture model for multiagent systems that was developed in the European project LEAP (Lightweight Extensible Agent Platform). Its main feature is a set of generic services that are implemented independently of the agents and can be installed into the agents by the application developer in a flexible way. Moreover, two applications using this architecture model are described that were also developed within the LEAP project. The application domain is the support of mobile, virtual teams for the German automobile club ADAC and for British Telecommunications

WeBCMD: A cross-platform interface for the BCMD modelling framework

Multimodal monitoring of the brain generates a great quantity of data, providing the potential for great insight into both healthy and injured cerebral dynamics. In particular, near-infrared spectroscopy can be used to measure various physiological variables of interest, such as haemoglobin oxygenation and the redox state of cytochrome-c-oxidase, alongside systemic signals, such as blood pressure. Interpreting these measurements is a complex endeavour, and much work has been done to develop mathematical models that can help to provide understanding of the underlying processes that contribute to the overall dynamics. BCMD is a software framework that was developed to run such models. However, obtaining, installing and running this software is no simple task. Here we present WeBCMD, an online environment that attempts to make the process simpler and much more accessible. By leveraging modern web technologies, an extensible and cross-platform package has been created that can also be accessed remotely from the cloud. WeBCMD is available as a Docker image and an online service

The inflammatory potential of the diet in childhood is associated with cardiometabolic risk in adolescence/young adulthood in the ALSPAC birth cohort

PURPOSE: This study examined the association between a Dietary Inflammatory Score adapted for children (cDIS) and Cardiometabolic Risk (CMR) score in adolescence/early adulthood in the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC). METHODS: The cDIS was calculated at 7, 10 and 13 years using diet diary data. Anthropometric and biochemical data at 17 (N = 1937) and 24 (N = 1957) years were used to calculate CMR scores at each age [mean sex-specific z-scores from triacylglycerol, HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, mean arterial blood pressure (MAP), homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and fat-mass index (FMI)]. Multivariable linear regression models examined associations between cDIS at 7, 10 and 13 years and a continuous CMR z-score and individual CMR markers at 17 and 24 years. RESULTS: In fully adjusted models, a higher cDIS (more pro-inflammatory diet) at 7 years was associated with an increase in CMR z-score at 17 years (β 0.19; 95% CI 0.03–0.35 for third versus first cDIS tertile) and at 24 years (β 0.28; 95% CI 0.11,0.44 for third versus first cDIS tertile). There was a weak association between a higher cDIS at 10 years and an increase in CMR z-score at 17 years (β 0.16; 95% CI − 0.003, 0.32 for third versus first cDIS tertile). No other clear associations were evident. FMI, MAP and HOMA-IR were the main CMR factors contributing to these associations. CONCLUSION: A more pro-inflammatory diet during childhood was associated with a worse cardiometabolic profile in late adolescence/early adulthood. A childhood diet abundant in nutrients with anti-inflammatory properties could help reduce development of CMR factors. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00394-022-02860-9

Optoacoustic solitons in Bragg gratings

Optical gap solitons, which exist due to a balance of nonlinearity and dispersion due to a Bragg grating, can couple to acoustic waves through electrostriction. This gives rise to a new species of ``gap-acoustic'' solitons (GASs), for which we find exact analytic solutions. The GAS consists of an optical pulse similar to the optical gap soliton, dressed by an accompanying phonon pulse. Close to the speed of sound, the phonon component is large. In subsonic (supersonic) solitons, the phonon pulse is a positive (negative) density variation. Coupling to the acoustic field damps the solitons' oscillatory instability, and gives rise to a distinct instability for supersonic solitons, which may make the GAS decelerate and change direction, ultimately making the soliton subsonic.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figure